July 2025 — In the critical moments of a heart attack, every second counts. Knowing what to do before professional help arrives can make the difference between life and death. As heart-related emergencies continue to rise globally—even among younger individuals—learning how to respond can save lives in homes, offices, and even public spaces.
Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to treat a heart attack victim immediately, including when and how to perform CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation).
Recognize the Signs of a Heart Attack
Before you can help, you need to spot the warning signs. These may include:
- Sudden chest pain or pressure (often radiating to the left arm or jaw)
- Shortness of breath
- Sweating
- Nausea or vomiting
- Dizziness or fainting
Tip: In women, symptoms can be more subtle—like fatigue, back pain, or indigestion.
Step 1: Call Emergency Services Immediately
Dial emergency services (like 108 in India or 911 in the US) as soon as you suspect a heart attack. Don’t wait to see if the symptoms go away. While help is on the way, you can begin providing first aid.
Step 2: Help the Person Sit and Stay Calm
Have the patient sit in a comfortable position—preferably on the ground with their back supported. Loosen tight clothing and encourage calm breathing. Don’t let them walk or exert themselves.
If they are conscious and not allergic to aspirin, give them a 325 mg tablet to chew slowly. Aspirin helps thin the blood and may reduce damage to the heart muscle.
Step 3: Begin CPR If the Person Becomes Unconscious
If the person loses consciousness and stops breathing normally, begin CPR immediately.
How to Perform Hands-Only CPR:
- Place the heel of your hand in the center of the chest (between the nipples), and place your other hand on top.
- Push hard and fast—at least 100 to 120 compressions per minute (think: the rhythm of “Stayin’ Alive” by the Bee Gees).
- Allow the chest to fully rise between compressions.
- Do not stop until:
- Medical help arrives
- The person regains consciousness
- You are physically unable to continue
Note: If trained in mouth-to-mouth CPR, you can add two rescue breaths after every 30 compressions—but hands-only CPR is recommended for most untrained bystanders.
Step 4: Use an AED If Available
If you’re in a public place like a mall, airport, or office, look for an AED (Automated External Defibrillator). These machines come with voice instructions and can analyze heart rhythm and deliver a shock if needed.
Attach the pads to the chest as shown on the device and follow the prompts. AEDs are designed for use by anyone, even without medical training.
Step 5: Continue Support Until Help Arrives
Even after the person regains consciousness, continue monitoring their breathing and heart rate. Avoid giving food, water, or unnecessary movement.
Once emergency responders take over, give them all the details: what happened, when symptoms started, and any medical history if known.
Why Everyone Should Learn CPR
In a heart attack, the first 5 minutes are the most crucial. Quick CPR can double or even triple survival chances. Sadly, many people hesitate out of fear of doing it wrong.
Learning basic CPR should be as common as learning to drive, especially in households with elderly members or those at risk of heart disease.
Final Word: Be Prepared, Not Paralyzed
Heart attacks can strike suddenly and without warning—but your knowledge and quick action can be the key to someone’s survival.
Don’t wait to learn CPR. A few minutes of training today could help save a life tomorrow.
Also read: Why Are More Young People Getting Heart Attacks? The Hidden Dangers You Must Know
